janilye on Family Tree Circles

The first 'Kingswell' in Malta was James Kingswell a civil engineer born in Deptford, Kent about 1782 and died in Westminster, London in 1847
He married Lydia Payne 1779-1835 in Westminster on the 15 September 1805.
The couple after their first six children were born went to Malta about 1820 James taking up the position of Block Maker at the Naval Arsenal. They then had two more children born in Malta.

Here is some info on the children of James and Lydia Kingswell:
Lydia Ann Kingswell b:1807 Deptford, Kent d: 1898 Lancashire, England m. Thomas RAMPLEY
Maria KINGSWELL b: 1809 Kent d: 1880 m. James MURRAY
Mary Anne KINGSWELL b: 1811 England m. Edward BEER
Sarah KINGSWELL b: 1813 Deptford d:1904 Wooloowin, Brisbane Queensland m. Samuel RANSLEY 1796 1843 of the Royal Navy. Their daughter Lydia Ransley married into the Australian OXENHAM family
James Kingswell b: 1816 Deptford. d: 1827 Malta
John KINGSWELL b: 1820 Deptford d: 1882 ?
William Kingswell b: 1823 Malta d: 1825 Malta
George Kingswell b:1825 Malta. d: 1902 a wardroom Steward with the Royal Navy m. Concetta Micaleff 1851 Malta
Edward Frederick KINGSWELL 1827 ?

Sources:
From Malta Family History
Edward Frederick KINGSWELL, born 28th January 1827, the son of James and Lydia Kingswell, Block Maker in Naval Arsenal

George KINGSWELL, born 29th May 1825, the son of Lydia and James Kingswell, Block Maker in Naval Arsenal

James KINGSWELL, born 9th July 1816, the son of Lydia and James Kingswell, Block Maker in Naval Arsenal

James KINGSWELL, buried 10th October 1827, aged 11 years

John KINGSWELL, born 31st December 1820, the son of Lydia and James Kingswell, Block Maker in Naval Arsenal

John KINGSWELL, living at 8 Strada del Carmine, Cospicua, electoral list 1852

Lydia Ann KINGSWELL, 21+, spinster, of St.Nicholas Parish, Deptford, Kent, married 20th April 1830, to Thomas RAMPLEY, 21+, bachelor, of St.Lawrence Parish, Norwich

Maria KINGSWELL, born 16th September 1809, the daughter of Lydia and James Kingswell, Block Maker in Naval Arsenal

Maria KINGSWELL, of Kent, married 4th June 1826, to James MURRAY, 95th Regiment

Mary Anne KINGSWELL, born 5th August 1811, the daughter of Lydia and James Kingswell, Block Maker in Naval Arsenal

Mary Ann KINGSWELL, married 27th October 1829, to Edward BEER, Corporal, 95th Regiment

Sarah KINGSWELL, born 3rd October 1813, the daughter of Lydia and James Kingswell, Block Maker in Naval Arsenal

Sarah KINGSWELL, of Kent, married 29th June 1829, to Samuel RANSLEY, Colour-Sergeant, Rifle Brigade

William KINGSWELL, born 23rd February 1823, the son of Lydia and James Kingswell, of the Naval Arsenal

William KINGSWELL, buried 25th June 1825, aged 3 years, son of James and Lydia Kingswell

London, England, Marriages and Banns, 1754-1921
about Lydia Payne
Name: Lydia Payne
Spouse Name: James Kingswell
Record Type: Marriage
Event Date: 15 Sep 1805
Parish: Paddington St James
Borough: Westminster
Register Type: Parish Register


1861 England Census
about George Kingswell
Name: George Kingswell
Age: 37
Estimated Birth Year: abt 1824
Relation: Ward Room Steward (Ward)
Gender: Male
Where born: Malta
Civil parish: Vessels
Town: Malta
County/Island: Royal Navy
Country: England
Street Address:
Occupation: Ward Room Steward
Registration district: Royal Navy
Sub-registration district: Royal Navy
ED, institution, or vessel: Hiberhin
Neighbors: View others on page
Household schedule number: 1
Piece: 4440
Folio: 178
Page Number: 2

Malta as a Naval Base

Image below, navy hospital in the background fort ricasoli vittoriosa and dockyard
courtesy of www.carto.net

Recently, I had cause to investigate ways to preserve our family research,
after we go to join that great majority.
When visiting a former colleague's family after his untimely death,
I discovered they had thrown away almost 40 years of his
research when cleaning out his home.
After leaving, I sat in my car and wept,
as I'm sure he would have too. All those priceless photographs and documents - gone!

What you need to do is attach a form, like the following, to your
Last Will and Testament,as a codicil with the heading
Personal Requests.
It is not a legal document unless processed with your Will.
(Many funeral directors provide such forms or perhaps you can find one online.)
........................................................................................
IN THE EVENT OF MY DEATH PLEASE PASS ON
MY FAMILY HISTORY RESEARCH TO:
Interested family members provide name &
address. OR donate to the following institute (name).
Provide location of material & make sure material
is clearly marked & kept together,
preferably tied and boxed.
.........................................................................................

PLEASE GIVE MY HISTORICAL
FAMILY PHOTOGRAPHS TO:
Interested family members
provide name and address. OR
donate to the following institute.
Again provide location of material
and make sure it is clearly marked
and kept together.
.........................................................................................

All family trees online
show the location, username and passwords,
or where possible download them onto a Gedcom
file and include them with your research.
..........................................................................................

So as to make it all just so much easier for our
future family history researchers;
attach to your Will this personal information form which gives a
bit more than the usual information seen on a death certificate.
Also Death Certificate informants, you may have noticed
do not always provide the correct information :

SURNAME
CHRISTIAN NAMES
USUAL RESIDENCE
DATE OF BIRTH
PLACE OF BIRTH
FATHER'S NAME
FATHER'S BIRTH DATE
WHERE BORN
FATHER'S DEATH DATE
WHERE DIED
MOTHER'S NAME
MOTHER'S BIRTH DATE
WHERE BORN
MOTHER'S DEATH DATE
WHERE DIED
YOUR MARITAL STATUS
DETAILS OF MARRIAGE
DATE OF MARRIAGE
WHERE MARRIED
AGE WHEN MARRIED
FULL NAME OF SPOUSE OR SPOUSES
DETAILS OF CHILDREN (NAMES AND BIRTHDATES)
BANK ACCOUNTS
INSURANCE POLICIES
LOCATION OF TITLE DEEDS
FUNERAL PREFERENCES
LIST OF PERSONS, SOCIETIES AND CLUBS
TO BE NOTIFIED OF YOUR DEATH.
AND YOUR SECRET BANK ACCOUNTS IF ANY or
directions as to where the loot is stashed

Looking after your family Archive

The courthouse needed the roof replaced.
In February 1823 Ovens called for sealed tenders. Men tainted by association with Macquarie and Druitt had little hope of winning the contract. Stone and Lawless had to be paid in 1822 for the church and school at Campbelltown, but that was it for them. Adcock, once overseer of carpenters, showed in the first spill of tradesmen from the Lumber Yard how uninterested he was in construction; the person he chose was Martin Sheen, pianoforte maker. Adcock committed himself to the furniture business.

Who won the contract? His name was James Gough (Golf). Despite his life sentence and his youth, not yet half-way through his twenties, Gough was made an overseer of carpenters exactly fifteen weeks after his arrival in 1813. A trade learned and practised in Regency London impressed people in Sydney. Because of his talent he continued to be excused bad behaviour. He was gaoled in the colony for theft yet he regained his rank as overseer and on Australia Day 26th January 1821 received a conditional pardon.
The second term as overseer was spent in Parramatta New South Wales, and he retired into private practice as soon as he became free, so he avoided being dragged into Druitt\'s downfall the next year. Governor Brisbane, moreover, spent six nights out of seven in Parramatta, where Gough had worked on the roof of Government House. It was easy to confirm the carpenter\'s reputation for competence. It helped immensely that William Cox
of Richmond chose Gough and his team for his various projects in the Hawkesbury and in Sydney; both Macquarie and Brisbane trusted Cox\'s judgement on these matters above that of anyone else in the colony.

As happens today Gough probably assembled afresh a team for each of his contracts. We don\'t know the names of the free men who joined him, but convicts in his service are easier to trace. He hired two artisans from the Lumber Yard in 1822, John Wilson John Wilson like his master a London carpenter and about the same age, and George Metcalf, twenty years older, horse doctor and blacksmith from the Lake District. In the middle of 1823 Gough took over from a master the hiring fee of John Hartley a stoneworker from Lancashire, a labourer where roofs were concerned, but valuable for other commissions. And soon afterwards Gough picked up James Grimes, a woodworker from Lancashire, a poor choice it turned out because Gough was Grimes\' fourth employer in 1823 alone, and not his last.
Gough\'s men put up a framed and shingled truss roof without benefit of architect. Harris, who would have asked for a commission if he had been involved, courteously admired the result. Greenway, on the other hand, described it as \'fit for an old barn, and weighty enough to bear down walls less firmly built\'. D. D. Mathew, a rarely consulted architect, praised the carpentry but deplored the engineering. There were iron straps and bolts which, he believed, would hamper the timber\'s natural expansion and contraction as the weather changed; the tie beams should have been laid across the piers and not above the windows; the structure may well be too heavy for the brickwork beneath.
This last observation may have said as much about the brickwork as it did about the roof. Years later, after the ceilings fell in, a newspaper alleged that the pitch of the roof would have to be altered to relieve the pressure on the walls.

And there was still much left to do inside the building\'s shell.

Brisbane departed from Australia on the first day of December 1825. The managers vanished with him, an even more thorough change than had occurred at his advent. Institutional memory dimmed further. General Ralph Darling reached Sydney in mid-December, so the two governors did not meet. The chief engineer, Ovens, died ten days before Darling\'s landfall The current civil architect, George Cookney, whom even friends refused to consult, was dismissed a year minus three days after his appointment in April 1825; it was decided not to replace him.Frederick Goulburn, colonial secretary, chose not to sail in the same vessel as Brisbane, leaving in February 1826, just long enough to talk to his successor, Alexander McLeay.

Darling\'s intent was even blunter than Brisbane\'s and Goulburn\'s. He resolved that every convict should go straight from the ship to brute labour, for punishment and for shaming. Transported tradesmen should be dealt with most harshly of all, because they must naturally be sharper, slyer, more dangerous, than their less skilled fellows.

Darling\'s resolve began to crumble as soon as he passed through the Heads, although his contempt for convicts did not waver. He was appalled, as a soldier, by the pitiful harbourside fortifications; a single hostile frigate might lay waste the town. And his dismay deepened on the first night he spent ashore. Brisbane had lived at Parramatta, visiting Sydney for business on Tuesdays and sleeping in Sydney\'s Government House only if he could not get home in time. The neglected official residence leaked and rotted around its new occupants. \'The present House is a perfect Hovel\', Darling wrote. The new governor experienced the crisis in public works personally, and from the moment he entered Australia.

Where would the governor find adequate workmen? The Lumber Yard had been drained. Darling pestered London to sentence and send out as many tradesmen as possible, whom he would (like Macquarie) pluck straight from the ship into the Yard. Why? \'The government\', he decided. \'is necessarily obliged to retain the greater number of convict mechanics, in consequence of the work it has to perform, and there being no master tradesmen in the colony capable of undertaking a contract\'.

Was this true? There had once been contractors. James Gough, for one, continued to erect buildings in town and country, but he also looked for income from his pub on the road between Parramatta and Windsor and from the grazing paddocks beside the pub. Perhaps he spread himself too thinly, for he was to spend a few days in 1827 in prison for debt. The partnership of Stone and Lawless dissolved with the death of Stone in 1824. (106) Lawless diversified his interests, in ways similar to Gough. While still a convict he had sold meat to the commissariat store. After his pardon he ran cattle on land granted him near Goulburn and sold larger quantities of meat than before. His Pitt Street pub, reverently named the Governor Macquarie, became his base of operations a gathering place for racing men and a later generation of convicts and their overseers.


Citations:
APA style: Dyster, Barrie. (2007, June 1). Bungling a courthouse: a story of convict workplace reform The Free Library. (2007). Retrieved July 18, 2012 from http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Bungling a courthouse: a story of convict workplace reform.-a0166091772

Chicago style: Dyster, Barrie. 2007 Bungling a courthouse: a story of convict workplace reform The Free Library (June, 1), http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Bungling a courthouse: a story of convict workplace reform.-a0166091772 (accessed July 18 2012)

MLA style: Dyster, Barrie. \"Bungling a courthouse: a story of convict workplace reform\" The Free Library 01 June 2007. 18 July 2012

George Leonard LEE the son of John Leonard LEE 1833-1913 and
Mary, nee ECKFORD 1836-1883 was born in Maitland in 1860.
In 1896, George Leonard married Emma Onus TOWN 1867-1948 the
daughter of Andrew TOWN, of Hobartville 1840-1890 and
Emma Susannah ONUS 1843-1941.

This biography below is from the Dictionary of Australian Biography:-
[George Leonard Lee (1860-1939), soldier, was born on 25 June 1860 at West Maitland, New South Wales, son of John Lee, draper and later merchant, and his wife, Mary Ann nee Eckford. Educated at Sauchu House School, West Maitland, and Armidale Grammar School, he worked for a while in the family business, John Lee & Sons, West Maitland. He was a well-known horseman and sportsman, keen on polo.

On 4 October 1889 Lee was commissioned in the local troop of the New South Wales Lancers and during the maritime strike of 1890 acted as adjutant of the partially paid cavalry and mounted rifles who were enrolled as special police in Sydney. Next year he was sent to England for training and by October 1892 had qualified in an equitation course at the Cavalry School, Canterbury, at an Army Service Corps school and at the School of Musketry, Hythe; he also trained for several months with the 20th Hussars at Aldershot. After returning home he joined the New South Wales Permanent Military Forces in December 1892 as a captain and from then until June 1902 was adjutant of the New South Wales Lancers. The New South Wales Mounted Brigade's book of confidential reports contains laudatory references to him. During that time he was also acting staff officer, Mounted Brigade, for over two years, and commandant of the Cavalry School. On 2 January 1896 he married Emma Onus Town at St Ann's Anglican Church, Homebush, Sydney; they had no children.

On the outbreak of the South African War in October 1899 the New South Wales Lancers mobilized a draft to go from Sydney to reinforce their squadron which was proceeding to the war from England after training there. Lee, now a major, was in charge of the draft which joined the squadron in South Africa on 6 December. Lee then took command of the Lancer contingent from Captain C. F. Cox. His unit, part of Lieutenant-General French's force, was employed in operations around Colesberg, the relief of Kimberley, and actions at Paardeberg, Poplar Grove, Driefontein, Zand River, Johannesburg, Pretoria, Diamond Hill and in the Transvaal east of Pretoria to 26 October 1900 when the squadron's year of service ended. For his work in South Africa Lee was mentioned in dispatches and awarded the Distinguished Service Order.

Resuming duty with the Australian Military Forces, Lee was assistant adjutant general and chief staff officer in Victoria in 1902-07. Appointed to the Administrative and Instructional Staff in 1904, he became a lieutenant-colonel in 1909, having held brevet rank since 1902. He served in New South Wales from June 1907, and was commandant in Tasmania in 1911-12 and in Queensland in 1912-17. After that he was temporarily in command in New South Wales, with the honorary rank of major general from July 1918 until he was transferred to the retired list on 13 May 1920 as honorary lieutenant-general. He was aide-de-camp to the governor-general in 1915-20, and in 1917 was appointed C.M.G.

Warm tributes to Lee's personality and ability include praise of his fine horsemanship, geniality and ripe judgement; there was 'no hypocrisy in his make up' and he would not tolerate it in anyone under him. In retirement he worked two oyster leases at Port Stephens, New South Wales. He was a member of the Union Club, Sydney. Survived by his wife, he died on 13 April 1939 at Burwood and was cremated with Anglican rites.]

Citation details
Vernon, P. V., 'Lee, George Leonard (1860?1939)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lee-george-leonard-7146/text12335, accessed 12 July 2012.
This article was first published in hardcopy in Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 10, (MUP), 1986




OBITUARY
Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 15 April 1939

LIEUTENANT-GENERAL G. L.LEE.
Lieutenant-General George Leonard Lee, who died on Thursday night,
aged 78, had a distinguished military career.
He received his first commission in the New South Wales Lancers in 1889,
and was subsequently adjutant of the Lancers for 10 years.
After reaching the rank of lieutenant-colonel he was appointed to the
administrative instructional staff of the permanent military forces.
He was Assistant Adjutant General and Chief Staff Officer in Victoria
from 1902 to 1907, Commandant in Tasmania from 1911 to 1912, and
Commandant in Queensland from 1912 to 1917.

He took part in the South African campaign, and was present at the
relief of Kimberley.
He was mentioned in despatches in 1901, and received the
Distinguished Service Order and the Queen's medal with six clasps.
He was created a C.M.G. in 1917.

A well-known sportsman and horseman, in his younger days he won renown
in many cross-country rides, winning more than one.

Before he was appointed to the permanent staff he was a member of the
firm of John Lee and Sons, general providers, West Maitland.
He was at one time Commandant of the Cavalry School of Instruction.
He was granted the rank of lieutenant-general when he retired from the
position of State Commandant in New South Wales 19 years ago."

Lieut.Gen. George Leonard LEE C.M.G D.S.O died on the 13 April 1939 at his residence,
58 Broughton Road, Homebush.
(the former residence of his mother-in-law, Emma Susannah TOWN)
His widow Emma Onus LEE died on the 15 April 1948, also at Broughton Road.

For family researchers, here is the obituary for John Leonard Lee 1833-1913
The Maitland Weekly Mercury Saturday 5 April 1913 Page 6
Death of Mr. John Lee.
A PROMINENT TOWNSMAN
After a long illness, the death occcurred at
his residence, Church-street, on friday after
noon, of Mr. John Lee, a highly-respected re
sident of Maitlnnd for many years, who, in
his younger days, was actively and enthusi
astically associated with all movements which
had for their object the advancement and
progress of the district in which his lot was
cast.
The deceased gentleman was fourth son of
the late Mr. Benjamin Lee, who died at Par
ramatta in 1870, in his 92nd year. The old
gentleman, served thiough the Peninsular
war, and retired from the army in 1828, after
25 years' service, landing in New South Wales
in 1829 to manage the estates of Bolwarra
and Segenhoe. He shortly afterwards went
to reside at Parramatta, where he lived until
his death. The late Mr. John Lee was
born at Parramatta in 1833, being therefore
79 yeais of age. He was educated at Par-
ramatta. and came to Maitland in 1847, where
he entered into the employ of Messrs. T. and
J. Dickson, for five years, during which time
he opened a store on their Belah Station on
the Castlereagh River. On completion of
his term he removed to Sydney, and acted as
manager and buyer for the same firm. In
1856 he established the drapery business of
.John Lee and Co. Trade grew rapidly, and
in 1865 he erected what was then the finest
business premises in Maitland, 'Cheap-
side,' when he went into a wholesale and re
tail trade in both drapery and grocery. In
1879 he admitted the late Mr. J. W. Allison
as a partner, and in 1883 his son, Mr. Geo.
L. Lee, joined the firm, which was conducted
with considerable success for many years.
when the deceased retired to 'Leeholme;'
Woodville, a splendid mansion he had built
for himself, but he was involved in financial
difficulties through his own good nature, and
left "Leeholme," to reside in West Maitland.
He was twice married, his first wife having
died in 1883 at the early age of 47.
The late Mr. Lee was one of the oldest
magistrates in the State, and. in his younger
days took a verv active and prominent part
in public and political matters. He was one of
the first committeemen of the Maitland School
of Arts, which he served long and faithfully,
both as secretary and president, and was
Returning Officer for the State Electorate of
the Hunter. With others he woiked ener
getically to secure the incorporation of the
municipalitv, and was one of the aldermen re
turned at the first election in 1863. He was
re-elected for a number of years afterwards,
and was elected Mayor in 1867, 1868, and
1878, and during his term of office had the
distinguished honour of receiving his Royal
Highness the Inte Duke of Edinburgh on his
visit to Maitland. The floodgates for pro-
tecting the low-lying parts of the borough
and the annexed area were constructed dur
ing his Mayoralty. During the floods which
devastated the district at various periods his
time and means were freeiy given, for the as
sistance of those in distiess, and it was, only
natural to find him taking a keen interest in
the flood mitigation movement. Deceased
also served on the committee of the Maitland
Hospital for many years. and was a devoted
churchman. having served in the office of
churchwaiden at St. Mary's for a lengthened
period. He was also very liberal with his
purse in church affairs, and amongst his gen
erous acts was the donation of the beautiful
reredos which now adorns St. Mary's. He
was a very old member of the Masonic Order,
and until his illness laid him aside was a re-
gular attendant at the lodge meetings. De
ceased leaves a widow, six sons, three daugh-
ters, and six grand-children . The sons are
Colonel George Lee, who occupies a respon
sible, position in the Commonwealth Military
Forces, Dr. Ernest' Lee (Sydney), Messrs.
John E. Lee (Sydney) W. Lee (Sydney). Ed
ward Lee and Benjamin Lee (Queensland).
Mesdames Edward Blair (Lorn). Richard
Broughton (Sydney), and A. Tuck (Sydney),
are the daughters.
Mr C. A. Lee, late Minister of Works,
and Mr. Benjamin Lee, are brothers of the
deceased gentleman .
The funeral took place on Sunday
afternoon, the cortege moving from
his late residence to St. Mary's
Church, where a short service was conducted
by Rev A. Killworth, M.A., L.L.B. Mr.
G. F.. King, A.R.CO., organist of St.
Mary's Church, played the. hymn, 'Safe in
the Arms of Jesus.' and as the mourners left
the church the 'Dead March' in Saul was
rendered. The interment was made in the
Church of England burial ground at Camp
bell's Hill. The chief mourners were Colonel
Geo L. Lee, Dr. H. E. Lee, Messrs. W.
Lee and J. E. Leeee (sons), Messrs. Broughton
and A. Tuck (sons-in-law), Messrs. Harry and
Leonard Lee (grandsons). A large number of
floral tributes were placed upon the grave,
including those from Mr. Thos. Dimmock,
Mrs. Stubberfield, Miss K. Blair, Mr. J. W.
Eckford and family, Jas. Kerr nnd Sons,
employees of Jas. Kerr and Sons, Mrs. Geo.
Lee, Mr. and Mrs. John Rourke, Mary
Young, Mr. H Sawyer, Mrs. Broughton,
Mrs. Wolfe and family (Springfield). Mr.
and Mrs. J. D. Sawyer. Miss L. M. Wil
liams, Mr. and Mrs. V. Wolfe, Misses Blair.
Mrs. Falkiner, and Mr. and Mrs.
H. L. Brown. Among those in at
tendance at the funeral were the
Mayor (Alderman McLachlan), Major
Nicholson, M.L.A., Major Cracknell,
Mr. E. P. Capper, and other representative
citizens. The service at the graveside was
conducted by the Rev. A. Killworth, who
said it was not his intention to speak at any
length, because he intended conducting a me
morial service in the church next Sunday in
memory of their late brother. That day,
however, he could not refrain from saying a
few words. He would like to remark that
there was something happily coincident in
the departure of their brother during the re
surrection season. That day they were in the
octave of Easter. It was a very happy moment
for their brother to be called away.
As they knew, their brother had been a great
sufferer. He had been a constant visitor to
him. and he would like to testify to the for
titude with which he bore his sufferings — so
bravely. so nobly, so uncomplainingly, and
so considerate of others even in his saddest
moment,s. His life had been a spiritual re
velation to him, and now he had been called
away to his rest, his reward would be great-.
He had passed away from the sorrows, limi
tations, and hampering affairs of this life to
the broader horizon of heaven itself. They
praised God for such a faithful man, and
thanked God that such lives as his were poss-
ible In the midst of the materialism of the
twentieth century.

Saturday 21 June 1862
LICENSING COURT.
The following is a list of the applicants for publicans' licenses and the results
thereof:
John Frazer, Smythe's Creek Hotel, Linton road; no appearance; postponed
George Stoddart, Nugget HoteL Smythesdale; granted. The Bench expressed a
doubt as to whether Mr Stoddart's house was in the Buninyong district.
Mr Dunne to Mr Lynch Is that so? Mr Lynch It is. Mr Dunne believed that
the reason why the Government had proclaimed special licensing districts
was to excuse people living in bush districts like Cooper's Creek;
but he supposed that if people in those poor government districts
wanted a license they would grumble.
Robert Burrell Dent, Royal Hotel, Smythesdale; granted
Charles Milne, Banner of War; granted
Wm. Fittridge, Prospector's Arms, Staffordshire Reef; granted
Charles Thomas Tait, Tait's Hotel, Staffordshire Reef; postponed till Friday
Edward Barrett, White Horse, Scarsdale (Linton) Road; granted
Robert Dunlop, Cherry-Tree, Ballarat Road; granted
Campbell Reid. Cherry-Tree. Monkey Gully; granted
George H. Hatfield, Rising Sun, Italian Gully; granted
William Bailey, Union Hotel, Scarsdale; granted
Jacob Jenkins, Garibaldi Hotel, Scarsdale; granted
Thomas Menzies Wilson, Crow Club, Brown's; granted
Eugene O'Connor, Washington Hotel, Brown's; granted
Frederick Parkinson, Black Hill Hotel; granted
John Brennan, Reservoir Hotel, Smythe's: granted
Robert Irwin, Star Hotel, Italians;granted.
Charles Craddock, Black Swan Hotel, Browns; granted.
Cornelius O'Hallaran, Miners' Home. Italian Gully; granted.
Isaac Chappell, Pound Hotel, Scarsdale;granted.
Robert Walton, Junction Hotel, Brown's; granted
Andrew Scott Ward, Victoria Hotel, Brown's; granted.
Christina Weller, Royal Exchange, Scarsdale; granted.
Richard Whitpaine, Scarsdale Hotel, Scarsdale, (Linton district); granted
The Court then adjourned.

Any article or series of articles on the "Good Old Days" that
did not treat the sports of that-period would be like a
meat pie without, the meat. I have attempted to give a complete
and comprehensive digest of the manners and customs of the people
of the times of which I write, and as cock fighting was almost an
institution in those days, some attention must be given to it.

Not many will regret the fact this kind of sport is now a thing of
the past, so far as this district is concerned?and has been allowed to
fall into oblivion along with other relics of barbarism.

From the 1840s cock-fighting was one of the most popular sports
in the Hawkesbury district of New South Wales, and in those days unless you had a
game rooster that could masacre twenty of your neighbours' domestic chooks in as
many minutes, you might as well be dead, for you were considered nobody.

But now things have changed, the cock-fighting instincts of the people
are dead, though the sleek bird still retains all the combative instincts
of the olden leaven, and would even now fight till he dropped on his own or
some other party's dung-hill. Many residents well remember the old rendezvous
of the enthusiasts of this branch of sport?in Holland's paddock,(Windsor)
facing the banks, In this paddock, where there is now a large pond, a pit
existed for many years, and at the trysting-ground large crowds of people
assembled nearly every Saturday to witness a good encounter between two
game cocks.
An edifying spectacle it must have been, truly, yet amongst the votaries of
the sport were many men who were then leading lights of the district.

For years cock-fighting was carried on in public, and was reckoned a legitimate
sport. Then the State stepped in and dubbed it unlawful; yet it was carried on,
almost with impunity, for years?but those who participated in the sport met in
some sequestered nook to hold their meetings, the ti-tree swamp on Ham Common
(Richmond) being a favourite resort.

A man named " Jacky" Carr was among the first to introduce cock-fighting into
the Hawkesbury district. He was an Englishman, and always managed to get hold of
some fine imported birds.

Amongst those who followed the game also were Frank Norris, now residing on the
Brickfields,and one of the best pugilists of his day. Also his brothers Paddy and Jim, (sons of Richard NORRIS 1779-1843)
George Cupitt 1808-1875, Charlie Eather, The Charkers,
Gaudry's and Kable's. William Hopkins 1798-1862,
Joseph and William Onus, (sons of Joseph Onus 1782-1835). Ben Richards 1818-1898, and George Bushell were
also admirers of the game-cock, and they all owned good
fighting birds. The second-named is said to have had a magnificent button-comb
bird, which ended the career of many another good one.

The Dargins, Cornwells, Dan Mayne and Jack Cribb also followed the sport.
W. Hopkins was a great breeder of these birds, and he once owned a cookoo-game,
a very rare bird which was responsible for the death of more than one man's pet.

Jim Norris also had a bird which, after winning. fourteen or fifteen successive
battles met its doom when pitted against "Daddy" Baine's in the Richmond Lane,
close to the residence of Mrs. Onus. The birds always fought with steel spurs,
and a small black red bird weighing 6? lbs, owned by George Cupitt, on one occasion
slaughtered three oponents without having his heels (as the spurs were termed) taken off.

James 'Jack' Cribb 1785-1841 always had a lot of birds, and used to spare no
expense in getting hold of good fighters to take his friends down.
He had been known to pay as much as ?10 apiece for them, and once paid that
sum for a big light-grey bird, of which everybody was afraid.

Birds weighing from 6?lbs to 7lbs were always very strong and fast fighters, whilst
they varied in weight from 5?lbs to 8?lbs. The principal breeds were black red,
duck-wing, hen-feather, and the pile. The latter breed was the progeny of two good
distinct strains, and was considered one of the gamest of the game birds.

The fighting generally carried out in what was termed "mains," i.e.,
a number (say 5 or 7) birds of dififerent weights on either side.
The birds of the opposing forces were pitted on as equal terms as possible as
regards weight, and if the result of the " main" was equal, the contest would be
decided by a "turn-out"?that is, a match between the heaviest bird of both sides.
The :mains" Comprised a party from Parramatta or Sydney on the one side, and
Windsor on the other.

Phil Williams (Sydney), the Waterhouses (Parramatta), and W. Sparks (Cook's River)
frequently brought their birds to Windsor, and were met in the fray by
Cupitt, Norris and Hopkins.
Matches for ?50 or to ?100 aside were often made, while a good deal of out
side money was also wagered

Sources:
Windsor and Richmond Gazette
(NSW : 1888 - 1954)
The Good Old Days
Yeldap.
Research and Transcription, Janilye
20 June 2012

SUMMARY:

NEW SOUTH WALES. Census of the Year 1841.
The results of the Census taken, pursuant to the provisions of the
Census Act of 1840, officially published by the government.

The returns consist of five large tables.
It is, impracticable to lay these tables in their original
form.
They are reduced to a form which will be equally accessible and
convenient for reference, at the same time contain all details
which are necessary for general purposes.

The Census includes the population and houses in the different counties,
in the Commissioners districts beyond the bounderies of location,
and in the penal settlements, and the number of persons employed on board
colonial vessels, on the 2nd March, 1841.

The total number of the population is given at 130,856.
The number of houses is given as 16,776,
of which, although 1,447 were unfinished,
there were only 331 uninhabited. Of these houses 6,375 were of stone or brick,
and 10,401 of wood.

The population, as to its civil condition, is stated as follows : ?
Free males, 61,324 ? of these 14,819 were born in the colony;
30,745 arrived free;
15,760 are described in the terms of the Act as "other free persons."
Free females, 40,425 ? of these 14,630 were born in the colony
22,158 arrived free;
and 3,637 are described as "other free persons." ?
making the total of the free population 101,749 souls.
Bond males, 23,814 ? of these 5,843 held tickets of leave;
6,658 were in government employment;
and 11,343 in private assignment.
Bond females, 3,133 ? of these 316 held tickets of leave ;
979 were in government service; and 1,838. in private assignment, ?
making, the total Bond population 20,977.

In addition to the above it is stated that 2,130 males are employed in colonial vessels ?
no particular information regarding them could be obtained.

Free population?
Males 61,324
Females. 40,425
Bond Males. 23,844
Bond Females. 3,133
- 128,720
Employed in colonial vessels. 2,130
Total.... 130,856

As to religious persuasion or profession the numbers are given as follow :
Church of England - 73,727;
Church of Scotland,- 13,153;
Wesleyan Methodists,- 3,230 ;
Protestant & Dissenters,- 1,857
Roman Catholics, - 35,690;
Jews, - 856
Mahomedans and Pagans, - 207,

The return as to the occupations of the various classes is not very satisfactory,
but it is not materially important. It states that;
4,477 are landed proprietors, merchants, and professional persons
1,774 shopkeepers, and retail dealers;
10,715 mechanics and artificers ;
the remainder are to be divided into shepherds,
agricultural labourers, domestic servants, &c.

The County of Cumberland contains,
according to the Census Returns, 58,108 souls.

The County is divided into thirteen hundreds, viz:
Sydney, Parramatta, Liverpool, Woranora, Southend, Campbelltown, Bringelly,
Evan, Richmond, Windsor, Hardlnge, Dundas, and Packenham.

The Hundred of Sydney again is divided into nine parishes.

St. Phillip is stated to contain 9,838 souls, of whom
5,752 are males, and 4,080 females.
Free Population. ? Of the males. 1,094 were born in the Colony;
3,797 arrived free, and 564 are described as other free persons.
Of the females, 1,151 were born in the Colony, 2,577 arrived free, and
209 are described as other free persons.
Bond, ? There were 33 ticket-of-leave holders 100 in Government employment,
and 164 in private assignment.

Females, 8 ticket-of-leave holders, 2 in Government employment,
and 139 in private assignment.
Free ? Males... 5455
Free - Females .... 3,937
- 9,392
Bond ? Males... 297
Bond - Females .. 149
- 440
Total......... 9,838
Of these;
Church of England, - 5467
Church of Scotland, - 1,203
Wesleyan Methodists, - 231
Protestant denominations, - 226
Roman Catholics, - 2,527
Jews, - 136
Mahomedans and Pagans. - 48

There are 159 returned as landed proprietors, &c,
244 as shopkeers and dealers,
920 as mechanics and artificers,
the remainder as domestic servants, gardeners, &c, &c.

St. Phillip's parish contains 1,444 houses, of which 1,136 are of brick or stone, and
308 of wood; 1,407 of these were inhabited; 29 were unfinished, and only 37 uninhabited.

The next parish is St. James, which contains 6,081 inhabitants,
3,620 males, and 2,461 females.
Of the former, 608 were born in the Colony
1,924 arrived free ;
295 are classified as other free persons;
44 are ticket-of-leave holders;
626 are in Government employment, and
123 in private assignment. Of the latter,
624 were born in the Colony;
1,574 arrived free,
115 are described as other free persons ;
8 are holding tickets-of-leave,
4 are in Government employment, and
136 are in private assignment thus making the Free?
Males ....... 2,827
Females... 2,313
?5,140
Bond ? Males .. 793
Bond - Females .148
- 941
Total.. 6,081

These are divided into
Church of England, - 3,650
Church of Scotland, - 402
Wesleyans, - 155
Protestant & Dissenters, - 164
Roman Catholics, - 1,544
Jews, - 155
Mahomedans and Pagans. - 7
There are 186 returned as landholders, &c.,
200 as shopkeepers and dealers,
702 as mechanics and artificers, and the remainder as
domestic servants, gardeners, &c.
St. James' parish contains 802 houses, of which 645 are stone or brick, and
157 of wood, At the time the Census was taken, 6 of these were unfinished,
and only 7 uninhabited.

St. Lawrence's parish which stands next on the list, has 4,814 inhabitants;
2,707 males, and
2,157 females. Of the males.
2,421 are free, and
286 bond, and of the females,
2,011 are free, and
126 bond ; thus making the
Free ? Males .. 2,421
Females.... 2,011
4,432
Bond? Males ...286
Bond females... . . . 136
412 ?Total. 4,844
Of these,
Church of England, - 2,633
Church of Scotland, - 422
Wesleyan, - 110
Protestants & Dissenters, - 191
Roman Catholics, - 1,392
Jews, - 88
Mahomedans, - 2

The number is also divided as to occupation, as follows : ?
70 landed proprietors, &c ;
126 shopkeepers and dealers;
737 mechanics and artificers,
and the remainder domestic servants, &c, &c.
This parish contains 767 houses, of which 550 are of stone or brick,
and 217 of wood; 746 are inhabited, 17 unfinished, and only 21 uninhabited.

The next parish is that of St. Andrew : it contains 6,925 inhabitants ?
3,827 males, and
3,098 females;
of the males 3,708 are free, and 119 bond;
of the females 2,998 are free, and 100 bond.
Thus making the
Free? Males.. 3,708
Free Females .. 2,998 6,706
Bond? Males . .. 119
Bond Females ... 100
219 ?Total.. 6,225
Of these
3,461 belong to the Church of England,
872 to the Church of Scotland,
252 are Wesleyans,
195 other Protestant Dissenters,
2,063 Roman Catholics,
79 Jews, and
3 Mahomedans and Pagans.
As to occupation they are divided into 78 landed proprietors, &c,
189 shopkeepers and dealers,
1,203 mechanics and artificers, and the remainder are described
as domestic servants, gardeners, &c.
The parish contains 1232 houses ? 867 of stone or brick,
and 365 of wood; of these 1,214 are inhabited.

The parish of Alexandria contains 3,313 inhabitants ?
1,899 males, and 1,444 females;
of the former 1,493 are free, and 406 bond ;
of the latter 1,372 are free, and 72 bond.
Thus making the
Free ? Males .. 1,493
Free Females. ...... 1,372 ?2,865
Bond ? Males .. 406
Bond Females ..... 72
?478 ? Total.. 3,343

The above are divided into
Church of England, - 1,844
Church of Scotland, - 278
Wesleyans, - 83
Protestants, - 119
Roman Catholics, - 940
Jews, - 4
Mahomedans and Pagans, - 35
There are 98 landed proprietors,
28 shopkeepers,
242 mechnnics, the remainder domestic servants, &c.
The parish contains 475 houses ? 330 stone or brick, and 145 of wood;
451 are inhabited.

The parish of Botany is returned as containing 554 inhabitants,
319 males and 235 females.
Of the males
248 are free and 71 bond;
of the females
225 are free and 10 bond,
Thus ?
Free ? Males ........ 248
Free ? Females ... ..225
?473
Bond ? Males .. ..71
Bond Females .... 10
?81
?Total.. 554
Of these
Church of England, - 385
Church of Scotland, - 60
Wesleyans, - 26
Protestants, - 6
Roman Catholics, - 77
Of landed proprietors there are 36, mechanics and artificers 32 ;
the remainder servants, gardeners, farm labourers, &c.
There are 112 houses; 28 of stone or brick, and 84 of wood ; 99 are inhabited.

The parish of Petersham contains 1903 inhabitants,
1201 males and
702 females. Of the former 791 are free and 410 bond ; of the latter 764 are free and 38 bond.
Thus ?
Free ? Males .. 791
Free Females .. 664 ?1,455
Bond ? Males ... 410
Bond ? Females ... 38
?448 - Total.. 1,903
Of these
Church of England, - 1,151
Church of Scotland, - 157
Wesleyans, - 50
Protestants, - 59
Roman Catholics, - 475
Jews, - 9
Mahomedans, - 2
There are 35 landed proprietors, 7 shopkeepers, and 120 mechanics ;
the remainder are domestics, gardeners, farm servants, &c.
There are 274 houses in the parish, 107 of stone or brick and 167 of wood;
273 inhabited.

In the Parish of St. George there are 453 in habitants,
288 males and 165 females;
of the males 238 are free and 50 bond ;
of the females 154 are free and 11 bond.
Of these
Church of England, - 305
Church of Scotland, - 38
Wesleyan, - 1
Protestant, - 1
Roman Catholics, - 107
Pagan, - 1
There are 10 landed proprietors, 53 mechanics,
the remainder servants, gardeners, &c. &c.
There are 87 houses, 10 of stone or brick and 77 of wood ; 83 are inhabited.

Concord has 884 inhabitants, 548 males and 336 females,
of the males 411 are free and 137 bond;
of the females 311 are free and 25 bond.
Church of England, - 607,
Church of Scotland, - 32
Wesleyans, - 2
Protestants, - 9
Roman Catholics, - 234

There are 32 landed proprietors, 7 shopkeepers, and 83 mechanics,
the remainder are servants, gardeners, &c. &c.
Concord has 145 houses, 30 of stone or brick, and 115 of wood;
136 are inhabited.

Having thus disposed of the Hundred of Sydney, we next come to that of Parramatta,
which is divided into six parishes, viz. :

Hunter's Hill, Field of Mars, Castle Hill, Prospect, St. John, and Liberty Plains.

This hundred contains 8,808 inhabitants, of whom
4,645 are males, and 4,163 females.
Of the males 3,599 are free and 1,046 bond;
of the females 3,073 are free and 1,390 bond.
(This includes 804 in Government employment or Factory.)
Liverpool is divided into four parishes,

Bankstown which contains 217 inhabitants, 95 males and 64 females;

Saint Luke which contains 1,242 inhabitants, 795 males and 447 females;

Minto which contains 278 inhabitants, 169 males and 169 females; and

Holsworthy which contains 184 inhabitants, 110 males and 74 females.

Woranora is divided into four parishes, which together contains 63 Inhabitants,

Southend is divided into three parishes, containing 120 Inhabitants,

Campbelltown is divided into four parishes, containing 2,442 inhabitants,

Bringelly is divided Into three parishes, containing 966 inhabitants.

Evan is divided into three parishes, containing altogether 1,293 inhabitants.

Richmond is divided into four parishes containing altogether 2,610 inhabitants,

Windsor is divided into four parishes containing 2,736 inhabitants.

Hardinge is divided into 3 parishes, containing 460 inhabitants.

Dundas is divided into five parishes, containing 360 inhabitants.

Packenham is divided into five parishes, which contain 1,502 inhabitants.

The County of Cumberland is stated to contain, as
will be remembered, 58,108 inhabitants;
and these are divided as to their civil condition in the following manner: ?
Free ? Males, .... 27,997
Females, .... 22,203 50,200
Bond ? Males ....5,766
Bond - Females ..2,142
7,908? Total,. 58,108

The county of Argyle contains 3,397 inhabitants ;
of these 2,434 are males and 963 females. Of the males 1,436 are free,
and of the females 899. The bond males amount to 998 ;
of these 316 are ticket-of-leave holders, 145 in Government employment,
and 537 in private assignment; the bond females amount only to 64,
Thus the population of Argyle, as to its civil condition stands thus :?
Free? Males ...... 1,436
Free Females .... 899 2,335
Bond ? Males 998
Bond - Females .... 64
1,062
Total.. 3,397
Of these
1,799 belong to the Church of England,
451 to the Church of Scotland,
4 Wesleyans,
21 other Protestants,
1,087 Roman Catholics,
30 Jews, and
5 Mahomedans and Pagans.
As to occupation, 102 are returned as landed proprietors, &c,
24 as shopkeepers and dealers, 157 as mechanics and artificers,
the remainder are left to be divided between domestic servants, shepherds, farm-labourers, &c,
The number of houses are returned at 295,
94 of stone or brick and 201 of wood, all in habited except 4.

The next county on the list is Bathurst, the inhabitants are stated to be 2,465 ;
1,793 males, and 672 females. Of the males 1,089 are free, and of the females 628 are free.
The bond males number 704, of these 243 are tlcket-of-leave holders,
42 are in Government employment and 419 in private assignment;
the bond females amount only to 44.
Thus the population as to civil condition stands as follows :?
Free ? Males, 1,089
Free - Females .... 628
1,717 .
Bond ? Males, 704
Bond - Females. . . . 44
743 ?
Total .. 3,465
Of these
1,416 belong to the Church of England,
247 to the Church of Scotland,
124 are Wesleyans,
3 other Protestants,
671 Roman Catholics, and
4 Jews.
As to occupation, 89 are returned as landed proprietors, &c.,
27 as shopkeepers and dealers, 133 as mechanics and artificers,
the remainder are servants, shepherds, agricultural labourers, &c.
The district is said to contain 257 houses; 125 of stone or brick and 132 of wood,
all inhabited.

We next come to county Bligh, the population of which is returned at 546.
473 males and 73 females.
Of the males 212 are free, and of the females 72 are free.
The bond males are 261 in number, viz., 80 holding tickcts-of-leave,
2 in Government employment, and 179 in private as signment;
there is only 1 bond female.
Thus as to civil condition the population of Bligh stands.
Free ? Males, 212
Free - Females...... 72
?284
Bond ? Males, ...261
Bond - Females, 262
?Total. ... 546
As to Religion,
320 belong to the Church of England,
54 to the Church of Scotland,
1 is a dissenter,
200 are Roman Catholics, and
1 a Jew.
As to occupation, 18 are stated to be landed proprietors, 3 shopkeepers and dealers,
18 mechanics and artificers, the remainder to be divided amongst servants, shepherds, &c, &c.
The number of houses is stated to be 31, 4 of brick or stone, and 27 of wood.
Thirty of these are stated to be inhabited.

Brisbane, the next county on the list, is stated to contain 1,560 inhabitants,
1,210 males and 350 females ; of the males 685 are free, and of the females 334.
The Bond males number 625 ; of these 200 hold tickets-of-leave,
2 are in government employment, and 423 in private assignment; there are 16 bond females.
The civil condition may be thus stated :?
Free ? Males, 585
Free - Females.... 334
919
Bond ? Males, 625
Bond - Females.. . 16
641
Total, 1,560
The religious classification is as follows;
Church of England 899,
Scotland 203,
Wesleyan 1,
other Protestants 10,
Roman Catholics 445,
Jew 1,
Mahomedan 1.
Of landed proprietors there are 30, shopkeepers 5, mechanics 99,
the remainder to be taken as shepherds, farm labourers, &c., &c.
The number of houses is stated at 94, 18 of stone or brick, and 76 of wood,
all inhabited except I,

Camden, the next on the Returns, is stated to possess a population of 6,286 souls;
4,114 males and 2,172 females. Of the males 2,862 are free, and of the females 2,058 are free.
There are 1,252 bond males, consisting of 372 tlcket-of-leave holders,
263 in government employment, and 617 in private assignment.
There are 114 bond females.
So the civil condition of the population of Camden is as follows:?
Free? Males, 2,862
Free - Females .... 2,058
4,920
Bond? Males, 1,963
Bond - Females .... 114
1,306 ?
Total.. 6,880
The religious denominations are thus given;
3,359 Church of England,
749 Church of Scotland,
164 Wesleyans,
49 other Protestants,
1,929 Roman Catholics,
86 Jews.
1 Mahomedan.
The occupations are given thus; landed proprietors, &c, 450,
shopkeepers 80, mechanics 549,
the remainder to be divided as stated with regard to previous counties.
There are also stated to be 933 houses, 137 of brick or stone,
and 796 of wood, of which 927 are Inhabited.

Cook, the next county on our list, is returned as having a population of 2,892 souls ;
1,854 , males and 1,036 females; of the males 1,411 are free,
and of the females 1,010 are free.
The bond males number 443 ; of these 162 hold tickets-of-leave,
155 are in government employment, and 126 in private assignment.
The number of bond females 1s 28, thus the population stands :?
Free ? Males, 1,411
Free - Females .... 1,010
2,421
Bond ? Males, 443
Bond - Females .... 28
471
?Total.. 2,892
Of these the Church of England claims 1,796,
the Church of Scotland 211 ;
83 are stated to be Wesleyans,
22 other Protestants,
770 Roman Catholics,
6 Jews,
4 Mahomedans or Pagans.
The occupations are set out as follow : ?
landed proprietors, 152, shopkeepers, 32, mechanics, 113 ;
the remainder of the population to be divided as in other counties.
Of houses there are stated to be 480; 61 of stone or brick, 419 of wood ;
478 inhabited.

Cumberland is the next on the list of Counties.
We have before given a lengthened abstract of the return for the county,
and therefore shall not repeat it here.
'Durham, County, has 6,238 inhabitants, 4,287 males, and 1,951 females.
Of the males, 2,754 are free, and of the females, 1,839 are free.
The bond males number, 1,033 ; of these, 421. hold tickets-Of-leave,
22 are in Government employ ment, and 1,090 in private assignment.
The bond, females amount to 112. The population as to civil condition, will be found to stand thus:
Free ? Males, 2,754
Free - Females..., 1,839
4,593
Bond ? Males, 1,533
Bond - Females .... 112
1,645
?Total ..6,238.
The division of the populatlon as to religion is given in the following manner : ?
Church of England, 3,568,
Church of Scotland,- 1,024,
Wesleyans, 96,
other Protestants, 65,
Roman Catholics, 1,440,
Jews, 21,
Mahomedans or Pagans, 19.
The number of landed proprietors, &c. is given at 255,
shopkeepers, 45, mechanics, 413,
leaving the remainder to be divided as stated with regard to previous counties.
The number of houses is stated to be 764 ; 52 of stone or brick, and 712 of wood;
757 inhabited.

Georgiana is stated to contain a population of 749 souls ; 563 males, and 186 females.
Of the former, 375 are free, and of the latter, 112,
The number of bond males is 188 ; 64 of these hold tickets-of-leave,
8 are in Government employment, and 116 in, private assignment;
the bond Females are only 6 in number.
Thus the population as to civil condition is :?
Free ? Males, 375
Free - Females .... 180
555
Bond ? Males, 188
Bond - Females .... 6 .
194
?Total .. 749
Of these,
429 are stated to be of the Church of England,
46 of the Church of Scotland,
1 Protestant Dissenter,
273 Roman Catholics.
Their occupations are stated as follows : ?
35 landed proprietors, 1 shopkeeper, 22 mechanics ;
the remaining number to be divided as stated with regard to other counties.
There are stated to be 64 houses ; 7 of brick or stone, and 57 of wood, all inhabited.

Gloucester, the next County on the list, is stated to contain a population of 1,424 souls;
1,051 males, and 373 females. Of the males, 506 are free, and of the females, 354 are free.
The bond males 545 ; of these 101 hold tickets of-leave, 1 is in Government employment,
and 443 are in private assignment ; the bond females are 19 in number.
The civil condition of the population consequently stands thus:-
Free ? Males, 506
Free - Females, 354
860
Bond ? Males, 545
Bond - Females, 19
564
?Total.. 1,424
The religious classification is as follows : ?
Church of England, 907,
Church of Scotland, 133,
Wesleyans, 33,
other Protestants, 15,
Roman Catholics, 327,
Jews, 4,
Mahomedans and Pagans, 5.
The occupations are stated as 46 landed proprietors,
7 shopkeepers, 169 mechanics; the remainder to be divided Into the various other basics,
The number of houses is given at 274 ; 39 of of brick or stone, and 235 of wood;
261 in habited.

Hunter, the next county in the returns, is returned as having a population of 999 souls,
655 males and 344 females. Of the males 614 are free, and of the females 337.
The bond males number 141, and the females 7.
Thus the civil condition of the population of county Hunter is:?
Free? Males, 514
Free - Females, 337
851
Bond? Males, 141
Bond - Females .... 7
148
?Total .... 999
To the Church of England belong 733,
Church of Scotland 46,
14 are Wesleyans,
201 Roman Catholics,
3 Jews,
2 Mahomedans.
There are 75 landed proprietors and shop keepers and 47 mechanics, the remainder divided into the various classes not mentioned as in other counties.
The number of houses is stated to be 174 ; 11 of brick and stone and 163 of wood;
172 in habited.

King county is returned as containing a population of 598 souls,
433 males and 165 females.
Of the males 260 are free, and of the females 147.
The bond males are 171, 69 holding tickets-of-leave, and 104 being in private assignment;
the bond females number 18.
Thus the civil condition stands as under :?
Free ? Males,. 260
Free - Females, 147
407
Bond? Males ...... 173
Bond - Females .... 18.
191
?Total .... 598
Of these 368 belong to the Church of England,
14 to the Chureh of Scotland,
1 Wesleyan,
2 other dissenters,
213 Roman Catholics.
Landed proprietors are 23 in number, shopkeepers 4, mechanics 31,
the other classes occupying the remainder of the population.
There are 64 houses, 7 of stone or brick, and 57 of wood, 63 inhabited.

Macquarie, the next county, is stated to have a population of 3,409 souls,
1,919 males and 490 females. Of the males 837 are free, and of the females 381.
The bond males number 1,082, of these 150 hold tickets-of-leave,
691 are in Government employment, and 341 in private assignment.
The bond females amount to 109.
Thus the civil condition of the population may be stated as follows: -
Free? Males, 337
Free - Females, 981
1,318
Bond? Males .... 1,082 ,
Bond - Females,... 109
1,191
?Total 2,409
Of these 1,361 are returned as belonging to the Church of England,
290 to the Church of Scotland,
37 Wesleyans,
39 other Protestants,
709 Roman Catholics,
89 Jews,
4 Mahomedans or Pagans,
Of landed proprietors there are 89, shopkeepers 16, mechanics 336,
the remainder may be divided in the same way as stated in previous counties,
The number of houses is 121, 47 of brick or stone and 74 of wood, 120 inhabited.

Murray County is returned as containing a population of 2,111 souls.
1,562 males and 549 females; of the males 896 are free, and of the females 535;
the bond males number 666, of these 186 hold tickets-of-leave, 34 are in government employment,
and 446 are in private assignment ;
the bond females amount to 24.
Thus the civil condition may be recapitulated as
Free ? Males ..... 896
Free - Females .... 525
1,421
Bond ? Males... 666
Bond - Females,.....24
690
?Total .. 2,111
Of these 1,024 belong the Church of England
238 to the Church of Scotland,
6 are Wesleyans'
26 other Dissenters,
806 Roman Catholics
11 Jews.
Landed proprietors 105, shopkeepers 18, mechanics 127,
the remainder to be divided amongst the other classes.
The houses are said to be 274 in number, 31 of brick or stone, and 143 of wood 172 inhabited.

Northumberland County is returned as containing a population of 9,975 souls.
6,567 males and 3,408 females ; of the males 4,362 are free and of the females 3,125.
The bond males number 2,205; of these 632 hold tickets-of-leave, 618 are in government employment,
and 955 are in private assignment.
The bond females amount to 283.
The population as to civil condition will stand thus : ?
Free ? Males, 4,362
Free - Females.... 3,125
7,487
Bond ? Males .... 2,205
Bond - Females .... 283
2,488
?Total . 9,975
The Church of England claims 6,291,
Church of Scotland 835,
160 are Wesleyans,
63 other Protestants,
2,566 Roman Catholic,
46 Jews,
14 Mahomedans or Pagans. ;
The landed proprietors are stated at 442
shopkeepers, at 203, and mechanics at 1,085.
There are stated to be 1,272 houses, 338 of stone or brick, and 934 of wood,
1,261 inhabited.

Phillip County is stated to contain 453 inhabitants, 363 males and 90 females ;
of the males 195 are free, and of the females 85.
The bond males number 168, of whom 43 hold tickets-of-leave, 9 are in government employment,
and 116 in private assignment. The bond females are only 5.
Thus the civil condition may be recapitulated as
Free ? Males, 195
Free - Females ,.... 85
280
Bond? Males ...... 168
Bond - Females .... 5
173
?Total ..463
Of these 259 are of the Church of England,
37 of the Church of Scotland,
3 Wesleyans,
153 Roman Catholics,
2 Jews.
Landed proprietors are put down as 19, shopkeepers 1, mechanics 13.
There are 23 houses, 5 of stone or brick and 18 of wood, all inhabited.

Roxburgh, the next county on the list, contains 1,520 inhabitants, 1,074 males and 446 females.
Of the males 700 are free,and of the females 406.
Of bond males there are 374. 159 holding tickets-of-leave, 5 in Government em ployment,
and 210 in private assignment; the bond females are 40 in number.
The civil con dition of the inhabitants of Roxburgh will show then ; ?
Free ? Males, 700
Free - Females . .. 406
1,106
Bond ? Males, 374
Bond - Females .... 40
414
?Total .. 1,520
These are divided as to religion into the following classes:
Church of England 919,
Church of Scotland 159,
Wesleyans 40,
other Protestants 5,
Roman Catholics 388,
Jews 9.
Landed proprietors are numbered at 67, shopkeepers at 13, and mechanics at 89.
There are 137 houses, 69 of stone or brick and 68 of wood, all inhabited.

Saint Vincent, County, has a population of 1,762 souls;
1,308 males and 454 females. Of the males 686 are free, and of the females, 434.
The bond males are 622 in number, of them 175 hold Tickets-of-Leave, 22 are in Government employment,
and 425 in private assignment.
The bond females are 20 in number.
Thus the civil condition of the population of Roxburgh may be stated as follows :?
Free? Males, 686
Free - Females .... 434
1,120
Bond ? Males, 622
Bond - Females .... 20
642
?Total .. 1,763
Of these
262 belong to the Church of England,
259 to the Church of Scotland,
6 are Wesleyans,
6 other dissenters, 5
26 Roman Catholics,
3 Jews.
Landed proprietors are returned as 48, shop keepers 6, and mechanics 89.
There 137 houses; 9 of brick or stone and 128 of wood; 136 inhabited.

Wellington, the next County, contains 510 in habitants, 390 males and 120 females.
Of the males 236 are free and of the females 113. The number of bond males is 164;
52 holding tickets-of-leave and 102 in private assignment; the number of bond females is 7.
The civil condition stands thus: ?
Free ? Males, 236
Free - Females .... 113
349
Bond ? Males, 154
Females .... 7
161
? Total ....
510 Of these 331 belong to the Church of England,
40 to the Church of Scotland,
3 are Wesleyans and 136 Roman Catholics.
There are 10 landed proprietors, 6 shopkeepers and 25 mechanics.
There are 37 houses; 12 of brick or stone, and 25 of wood; all inhabited.

Westmoreland has a population of 619 souls; 435 males and 184 females.
Of the males 312 are free and of the females 179.
The bond males number 123, of whom 50 hold tickets-of-leave, and 73 are in private assignment.
There are 5 bond females.
The civil condition of this population is therefore as follows:?
Free ? Males ...... 312
Free - Females .... 179
491
Bond - Males, 123
Bond - Females .... 5
128
?Total .... 619
Of these, 200 are of the Church of England,
46 of the Church of Scotland,
9 Wesleyans,
7 other protestants,
267 Roman Catholics.
There are 37 landed proprietors and 15 mechanics.
There are 90 houses; 7 of brick or stone, and 83 of wood; 88 are inhabited,

We now come to tho Commissioners' District beyond the boundaries, These are nine in number, namely? Wellington, Bligh, Lachlan, Monaroo, Murrumbidgee. Peel's River, New England, Clarence River, M'Leay River

Wellington has a population of 935 souls, 837 males and 98 females.
The free males are 466 in number and the free females 95.
The bond males are 371 in number; of them 128 hold tickets-of-leave.
9 are in Government employment, and 234 in private assignment.
There are 3 bond females.

Bligh has 672 inhabitants; 577 males and 95 females.
Of the males 339 are free and of the females 94.
The bond males are 238 in number; 71 hold tlckets-of-leave, 5 are in Government employment,
and 162 in private assignment.

Lachlan has a population of 1,345 souls; 994 males, and 251 females,
Of the males 649 are free and of the females 244.
There are 345 bond males; 121 hold tickets-of-leave, 9 are in Government employment,
and 315 in private assignment.

Monaroo has a population of 1833 souls; 1509 males and 374 females.
Of the males 1041 are free, and of the females 370.
The bond males are 498 in number; 198 hold tickets-of-leave, 6 are in Government employment, and 294 in private assignment.

Murrumbidgee has 1639 inhabitants; 1208 males and 261 females.
Of the males 782 are free and 272 females are free.
The bond males are 476 in number; 104 hold tickets-of-leave,
35 are in Government employment, and 277 in private assignment.
There are 9 bond females.

Peel's River District has 1591 inhabitants ; 1424 males and 167 females.
Of the males 795 are free, and of the females 158. The bond males number 629;
of these 178 have tickets-of-leave, 17 are in Government employment, and 445 in private assignment.
There are 9 bond females.

New England has 1115 inhabitants; 1003 males and 112 females.
Of the males 536 are free, and of the females 107.
The bond males are 467 in number; 76 hold tickets-of-leave, 11 are in Government employment,
and 380 in private assignment. There are 5 bond females.

Clarence River District has 416 inhabitants, 343 males, and 73 females.
Of the males, 237 are free, and of the females 71.
The bond males number 106; 11 hold tlckets-of-leave, 10 are in Government employment,
and 85 in private assignment. There are 2 bond females.

M'Leay River District has 584 inhabitants ; 443 males, and 141 females.
Of the males, 229 are free, and of the females, 123.
The bond males number 214 ; 60 hold tickets-of-leave, and 154 are in private assignment.
There are 18 bond women.

At Moreton Bay there are 200 souls ; 176 males, and 24 females.
Of the. males, 45 are free, and of the females 22.
The bond males number 131 ; 1 holds a ticket-of-leave, and 130 are in Government employment.
There are two bond females.

Norfolk Island here there are 1,288 bond males, and 3 bond females.
There are 254 free males, and 102 free females.

district of Port Phillip, which according to the census contains 11,738 inhabitants.
Of these 8,274 are males, and 3,454 females.
Of the males 8274 are free, and 518 bond ; of the females only 6 are bond.
We have thus concluded our synopsis, which may be resumed as follows : ?
Free ? Males .. 61,324
Females, 40,425
101,749
Bond ? Males .. 23,844
Bond - Females, 3,133
?26,977
Employed in Colonial Vessels 2,130
?Total 130,856





Sources
New South Wales State Records
The Australian
(Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848)
Saturday 4 September 1841
Tuesday 7 September 1841
Transcription, ?janilye
4 June 2012